Science – Technology Link

Science – Technology Link
Science – Scientific discoveries
Technology – Technological innovations

Types of Innovation
Innovation can influence …
o A Product
o A Process
o A Service
Enhances existing services
Classification …
1) Radical / Fundamentally new innovation
o Based on invention
o Can change / create new industry
o Relatively very rare
o Example … The transistor
2) Architectural / Configuration innovation
o Simply reconfiguring existing components
o Can change / create new industry
o Relatively very rare
o Example …Miniature of hearing aid
3) Incremental / Evaluator innovation
o Small / important improvements in a profit /
process / service
o Relatively common & created within the firms of an
industry
o Example … Thinner mechanical watches

Creativity & Innovation
Creativity is the engine of innovation.
Characteristics of creative people…
Conceptual fluency
Ability to produce large no of ideas quickly
Generate original & unusual ideas
Interest in problem facing
Perseverance

Suspension of judgment
Willingness to analyze & explore
Genuine regard for intellectual & cognitive markers
Science - Technology Push
Science provides the base for technical development which in turn
creates new market.
Field of Electronics - Maxwell’s theory of electromagnetism
Nuclear energy - Einstein’s relatively principle
Transistors - Wilson’s theory of semiconductors

Genetic Engineering - Watson & Crick’s discovery of DNA Structure
Market Pull -Technology is often developed to meet a market need / demand.
Market pull - most effective way to connect technology with the
market.
Consumer stimulated market pull
Bringing innovation to market
Stimulating Innovation

Diffusion of Technology – it is the marketplace in order to fully
exploit its benefits.
Example of speeding diffusion …Microsoft’s strategy of licensing its
own DOS operating system for use by many computer companies &
then making its windows 95 program available of each PC